Antiseptics and disinfecting medication
The description of pharmacological group
Antiseptics are used for curing of infected wounds, for contamination of skin integument or mucus membrane etc. They differ from so called desinfectants only in formal way. Antiseptics are used for antibacterial treatment of human body or its cavities. Desinfectants are used for the surrounding objects or discharge of a sick person. Both ones obtain the wide range of effects. They are active towards bacterias, bacillus, protozoas, fungis etc. The mechanism of effect for different remedies is not the same. It can depend on the albumen denticulation, breaking of plazma membrane penetration, inhibition of the very important organism ferments and micro organisms (it can be oftener noticed when the concentration of antiseptics is low).
The antiseptics containing halogen are the medications of chlorine and iodine. Their effectiveness is equal to their ability to liberate atomic halogens. Iodine alcohol solution is widely used for pathological cases for skin externally. Lugol’s iodine solution (contains iodine), iodoform, iodinol etc. are also applied ( liberate the molecular iodine). Elementary iodine has antibacterial effect. That is why its solutions are used for the treatment of wounds, operative area etc. When being applied on the skin surface or mucous membrane they cause irritation of skin receptors, mucous membranes. They can have reflex influence on the activity of the organism as well.
The oxidant group matters are also used as antiseptics. They are: hydrogen peroxide, potassium hypermanganate etc. They have simple antiseptic and deodorant effect related to setting the oxygen free. The great number of antiseptics are the metals compounds (metallic salts) (the products of bismuth, zinc, plumbum). The low concentration of them blocks sulfhydryl fermet groups of microorganisms. The higher concentration denaturate proteins with albuminate formation. As a result of that the cell is made on the tissue surface, the tissue becomes firmer and the inflammation is decreased (astriction).
The antiseptics include the following products: acids and alkalis (salicylic and boracic acids, tetra borate sodium, benzoyl peroxide); aldehyde (Tsidipol etc.), alcohols (ethyl alcohol), phenols (Resorcinol), coloring materials (methylen blue, brilliant green), anionics (soaps), as well as cationic detergents, plant preparations (calendula and camomile flowers) etc.
